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Camera buying guide

What to look for in a digital camera

There are several important factors that should be considered when choosing a digital camera; resolution, file compression, optical and digital zoom, internal (built-in) memory size, built-in shooting modes, LCD screen size and camera compactness. Please use the information provided below as a guide to choose the right digital camera for your needs.

Camera Resolution - Megapixels (1 million pixels)

All digital cameras nowadays are advertised with the number of megapixels or MP they possess. This number gives you the number of pixels the camera has on its digital image sensor. The higher the number of pixels the sensor has, the higher the image quality will be, as more information can be stored per exposure. This number is an important factor when choosing a digital camera, as it tells you whether your photos will have the quality they deserve. Point and Shoot (P&S) digital cameras have come a long way since their introduction to consumers. The average resolution on currently manufactured cameras is 4.5 MP, making them suitable for everyday shooting and printing.

Below is a rough guide to the relationship between resolution and print size. Remember, the higher the resolution (amount of pixels or MegaPixels), the better the image quality.
Megapixels Maximum 3:2 Print Size
at 300 PPI: at 200 PPI:
2 5.8" x 3.8" 8.7" x 5.8"
3 7.1" x 4.7" 10.6" x 7.1"
4 8.2" x 5.4" 12.2" x 8.2"
5 9.1" x 6.1" 13.7" x 9.1"
6 10.0" x 6.7" 15.0" x 10.0"
8 11.5" x 7.7" 17.3" x 11.5"
12 14.1" x 9.4" 21.2" x 14.1"
16 16.3" x 10.9" 24.5" x 16.3"
22 19.1" x 12.8" 28.7" x 19.1"
 
Higher resolution also means larger files, which means less images can be stored on your memory card. The table below shows the number of images that can be stored on a memory card, depending on its size and camera resolution.
Camera Resolution 16MB 32MB 64MB 128MB 256MB 512MB 1GB
2 MegaPixel 17 35 71 142 284 568 1137
3 MegaPixel 13 26 53 106 213 426 853
4 MegaPixel 8 16 32 64 128 256 512
5 MegaPixel 6 12 25 51 102 204 409
6 MegaPixel 5 10 20 40 80 160 320
8 MegaPixel 3 9 18 36 73 146 292
 

File Compression

Once the digital camera captures the image, the file must be transferred to the memory card, the digital film. Most point and shoot cameras will compress the image file prior to storing on the memory card in order to shrink the size of the file. Higher end digital cameras allow the user to select which compression method to use. Higher compression level also means more information is lost from your images prior to storage, resulting in lower quality images. This is most troubling with low resolution cameras and not so much of a problem with the current cameras. If you're thinking about enlarging your photos, it's best set the camera to do as little compressing as possible.

Optical and Digital Zooms

Digital camera specs usually indicated the amount of optical and digital zoom the camera is capable of delivering. What's the difference between optical and digital zoom? Optical zoom is the true zooming, which is achieved by moving the camera's lens elements. This is done without any loss of image quality. Digital zoom, on the other hand, is achieved by croping the image in the camera. This means that the camera will remove some pixels from the sides and digitally enlarge it. Digital zoom is not a true zoom and will ultimately result in loss of image quality, so it's best not to use it.

 

 
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